The Rise and Demise of the Daily Newspaper

By Tom Morrow

The history of the American newspaper is far too large to jam into an 800-word column, but here’s a shot at some of the basics.
The “word-count” of the average daily newspaper such as the Los Angeles Times, Orange County Register, or San Diego Union, amounts to a sizeable 200-to-300-page book. Weeklies such as the average community newspaper such as this one can be as labor intensive, turning out enough copy to fill a small paperback novel.
The newspaper can be a recognized to publish legal documents of recorded judicial, business, and governmental minutes for school districts, city councils, and county boards. To be officially considered a “publication of record,” county courts “adjudicate” a newspaper for printing “Legal Notices.” those governmental minutes and records from school districts, city and county boards and anything else where public monies have been or are proposed being spent.
The nation’s first newspaper, “Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick,” lasted only one day – Sept. 25, 1690. It was printed in Boston. The British Colonial governor thought it was too radical and had it suppressed after its first edition. In 1704, some 14 years later, a different governor allowed The Boston News-Letter, a weekly, to be published, and it became the first continuously published newspaper in the American colonies. Soon after, weekly newspapers, more or less with a commercial slant, began publishing in New York and Philadelphia as well as Boston.
John Peter Zenger was a New York German journalist in New York City who printed The New York Weekly Journal. He was accused of libel in 1734 by William Cosby, the royal governor of New York, but the jury acquitted Zenger, who became history’s symbol for freedom of the press. Ben’s older brother, James Franklin, launched The New England Courant.” It was a distinctive newspaper that annoyed the New England elite while providing reader entertainment and establishing a kind of literary precedent. Ben got his literary start at the Courant.
Prior to the 1830s, a majority of U.S. newspapers were aligned with a political party or platform. For the most part, that hasn’t changed all that much. In years past newspapers generally declared political positions on the editorial page(s), keeping the news columns as objective as possible. Unfortunately, writer bias has crept into news reporting to the point the term “fake news” has become commonplace charges by those readers in disagreement on a particular position(s).
Since the founding of the nation, daily newspapers have played an important role in American society. Here locally, San Diego County’s newspapers have been important to our everyday life … that is until the last few years.  The advent of the Internet has revolutionized delivery of local, state, and international news and opinion.
In the 1980s, our County had seven daily newspapers and more than double that number in weeklies. Today San Diego County has only one daily newspaper and a few remaining newsprint weeklies you can still hold in your hands. Here locally, The Paper is one of those few remaining publications where local news and legal reports are printed as well as a place where merchants can still advertise their businesses at reasonable cost.
Today’s young people have never really had a habit of reading a paper-printed newspaper … most get their news online from social outlets or on TV. For most of our lives we older folk, (aged 60 years-plus) have depended upon our local print publications to keep us apprised of what’s happening at our community’s government, the courts and school districts as well as the business community. Local dailies are disappearing across the nation and electronic news reports are taking their place. Locally, the now-defunct daily North County Times, at its peak, had a 100,000-plus readership. The 1995 merger of the Escondido Times-Advocate and the Oceanside Blade-Citizen became the NCT, but daily circulation began to slide and the inevitable happened when advertising dried up. The San Diego Union purchased the NCT and a few months later ceased its publication causing dozens of North County staff members to lose their jobs. As a result, North San Diego County no longer has a daily newspaper reporting to its seven suburban cities. A number of online electronic news reports have joined the last of the area newsprint weeklies such as The Paper, taking the place of the various defunct daily newsprint publications.
For local young people pursuing a career in print journalism it’ll be tough going as more than half of California’s daily newspapers are gone. As my generation leaves the scene, our newsprint publications of yester-year are still with us … sort of … but you’ll have to go to a public library to find them. They’re mostly filed on microfiche. You can’t hold them in your hand but you can view them on a captured video page of a chosen date when daily newspapers reported our history of days gone by.

(Published in OsideNews)